Biochem Lit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biochem Lit - Essay Example It was ascertained in this course of study that ChiB, a gene coding for endo Chitinase B, is in part responsible for induction of autolysis by flbA gene. Also though ChiB was found to be necessary for ∆flbA induced autolysis its overexpression did not accelerate or enhance hyphal disintegration thus suggesting that ChiB is necessary but not sufficient for autolysis in submerge-cultured A.nidulans. Alamar Blue reduction test which corresponds to the activity of the living cell mitochondria was employed to assess the dispensability of ChiB gene in autolysis. By AB reduction it was seen that both Wild Type strain and ChiB deletion ∆ChiB mutant showed the same death pattern from day 1 to day 8. Thus though ChiB was required for autolysis it was not totally essential. To study the proteins involved in autolysis, the proteins upregulated in ∆flbA and ∆flbA∆ChiB were studied and five proteins were found to be upregulated. These were identified as chitinase (Chi B), dipeptidyl peptidase V (DppV), O-glycosyl compound hydrolase, -N-acetylhexosaminidase (NagA), and myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (InoB) on SDS PAGE after Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. Off these 5 proteing NagA was speculated to be associated with cell death. This was because ∆NagA mutant showed a significantly higher percentage reduction in Alamar Blue as compared to other proteins on day 2 of incubation indicating more viable cells. The absence of InoB or AN2395.2 (a probable hydrolase) was seen to cause accelerated cell death and disorganization of mycelial pellets suggesting that these proteins might be needed for the controlled progression of cell death. FlbA gene negatively controls G protein mediated proliferation signaling likely by acting as GTPase activating protein for FadAGÃŽ ±. It was also concluded in other studies that FadA and SfaD signaling negatively regulate the cell wall chitin content and cell wall structure in A.nidulans. FadA was also found to mediate

Confucian Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Confucian Ethics - Essay Example Confucius, the founder of Confucianism believed on a golden rule based on the belief that people should do unto others, what they would like to be done unto them His ethical code was based on humanity, love, and morality. Rather than being based on religious beliefs, Confucianism is based on a system of social and ethical principles. In East Asia, Confucianism touches on all aspects of life (Slote and De Vos 5). These include the family, education, society, and government. Although Confucianism has most of the times been grouped together with other religions such as Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Judaism, it is not a systemised religion. According to Slote and De Vos, â€Å"a viable way of life for so many and for so long, Confucianism has sometimes been viewed as a philosophy and sometimes as a religion† (5). ... Confucius stressed that despite the fact that strict observation of traditional rituals is important, a devoted spirit and a sincere heart are even more important. He found no value in performing rituals, while a person was inhuman or lacked humanness. According to him, taking a keen look at person’s actions, motives, and preferences, then his or her real character is revealed and cannot be concealed. Confucian ethics revolve around associations among human beings. The philosophy mainly â€Å"revolves around family relationships, especially around the relationships between parents and children, between elder and younger brothers, and between husband and wife† (Yao 32-33). The Confucian belief is based on the grounds that fulfilment or responsibilities in these relationships should be done with a complete and genuine heart. However, despite revolving around the family, the Confucian moral philosophy is not restrained within the family, but also the society. Emphasis is p laced on the family because it is the foundation of peace around the world and order in the society. According to Yao (33), the Confucian â€Å"logic is that the family is the basic unit of the human community and that harmonious family relationships will inevitably lead to a harmonious society and a peaceful state†. The virtues of leaders within their families are very vital and determine how they rule organisations and a nation, since the basis of their actions, motives, and preferences is found within their family units. This consequently has an effect on a whole nation. A ruler who has intense love and devotion for his relatives, parents, friends, wife, and children is humane to the common people in the society and treats them with honour and consideration. Such kinds of rulers are